According to the Department of Defense, over 10 million acres of land in the US need to be cleared of buried unexploded ordnance (UXO). Worldwide, UXO injures thousands each year. Cleanup costs are prohibitively expensive due to the difficulties in discriminating buried UXO from other inert non-UXO objects. Government agencies are actively searching for improved sensor methodologies to detect a...

Under the Range Rule (1997), the Department of Defense defines unexploded ordnance (UXO) as a piece of ordnance that has been deployed, but has not exploded. This study investigated a subset of UXO including artillery shells and mortars (projectiles), but excluding landmines. UXO contaminates approximately 15 million acres of land in the United States alone. The geophysical tools most frequentl...

A 200 acre magnetic survey was collected and processed under production survey conditions over a site in Montana contaminated with unexploded ordnance (UXO). All anomalies with fitted moments above 0.05 Am2 were excavated. During the survey the magnetic remanence metric was predicted but not used to guide the discrimination. The retrospective analysis presented here reveals that discrimination ...

Past unexploded ordnance (UXO) clearance projects have demonstrated that the ability to detect UXO can be seriously hindered by the presence of magnetic rocks and soils. In particular, magnetic material affects the decay curve characteristics in electromagnetic surveys and this can adversely affect inversion calculations that try to estimate parameters of the UXO or answer the question of wheth...

This paper describes an efficient edge-preserved regularization algorithm for downward continuation of magnetic data in detection of unexploded ordnance (UXO). The magnetic anomalies arising from multi-source UXO can overlap at a height over the ground surface, while causative sources may not be readily separated due to low level of signal-to-noise ratio of the observed data. To effectively the...

Introduction: The gradual development of coastal areas throughout the world in proximity to military training ranges and areas of past conflict has created a need to locate underwater unexploded ordnance (UXO). These ordnance, which may have veered off course and failed to detonate when they were initially released, may still pose a risk of explosion if they are subject to handling. This compli...

Surface magnetic anomaly observed in UXO clearance is mainly dipolar and, as a result, the dipole is the only moment used regularly in UXO applications. The dipole moment contains intensity of magnetization information but lacks shape information. Unlike dipole, higher-order moments, such as quadrupole and octupole, encode asymmetry properties of magnetization distribution within buried targets...

Although commercially available geophysical sensors are capable of detecting UXO at nominalburial depths, they cannot reliably discriminate between UXO and clutter. As a result, anestimated 75% of remediation funds are spent on nonproductive excavations. During the pastfew years, we have been studying the merits of using multifrequency EMI data fordiscriminating between UXO ...

The efficient characterization of sites contaminated with unexploded ordnance (UXO) is necessary prior to returning these sites to the public domain. Characterization plans must be based on an accurate prediction of the UXO distribution. A doubly stochastic Poisson process is proposed as the underlying model controlling the spatial distribution of UXO. This model allows the single parameter (in...